Arrow shafts
#2
It's the spine. The box should have a chart telling you which arrow to shoot based on how fast you bow shoots, length of arrow, grains, etc. when I got my arrows cut shorter, I needed more spine so I went from 340s to 400s.
#3
I thought a 400 would be less or weaker spine. A short arrow is stiffer so you needed a less stiff one. Wouldn't that be considered less spine or am I looking at it wrong?
#4