Since bowhunting success is only partially determined by shooting, the answer is probably no difference. Some have suggested in other venues that compounders are taking more game but they never seem to be able to back the assertions up with meaningful harvest figures. Much depends as well on the methods.

For still hunting, stalking or jumpshooting, compounders can't compete with competent traditionalists because their tackle limits them to slow deliberately aimed shooting at relatively known ranges. Thus, if they excel at all it would pretty much be in the stand hunting area and I believe that was the original purpose of the compound bow. It was intended to do what short recurves couldn't do without string pinch in the confines of a blind or tree stand.

I suspect however that the question really implies some concern about practical hunting accuracy and the fact is on the first shot, the shot that counts most of the time, the traditional practitioner will get just as many good hits as the freestyle compound shooter if not more because he can do it faster. I'm not talking about arrow speed either but the speed at which the shot can be set up and executed.

This might rarely be seen on a 3D course in terms of scores because there the last shot is just as important as the first in establishing the score and there too the letoff especially means compounders have an advantage traditionalists have difficulty overcoming.

However, 3D courses are not very good simulations of actual bowhunting. They are, first and foremost, competitive activities, often geared to the gear of the people who participate. They're fun for sure but not very predictive of hunting success because there's no real hunting involved and some of the shots are just plain stupid because the scoring rings frequently don't reflect the underlying anatomy for all practical angles. Unlimited times are often allowed for executing a shot and tackle that would never be used in the field is allowed. Go figure.

In any event, I don't think one need worry about competing with compounders in the hunting field. Most of the advantages they have on the range disappear or are irrelevant when they enter the field.

People have been hunting for thousands of years successfully with traditional tackle. It's only been in recent years that other people have questioned whether that success was plausible and that I fear merely evidences ignorance as well as a lack of common sense.

So stop worrying and just get out and do it. You'll be glad you did I suspect.