We don't know that kind of surgery you had, how bad it was, etc.
I go as soon as I feel comfortable. Obviously pulling a bow, or recoil will be a concern. Talk to your doctor, get their opinion. Then decide what you're comfortable doing and what risk you're willing to accept.
And if you don't listen to the doctor and things go poorly, don't be surprised. That's one of the risks. You have it decide what level of risk you're willing to accept.
I've shot deer while on crutches, and also with my right arm in a cast. I don't like to miss out on hunting. Figure out a way that it will work for you.
-Jake