To answer your question about range. My max range is 400 yds. That doesn' t necessarly mean I shoot out that far. But I have that much range to play with. Meaning I can guess an elk is at 200 but he may really be at 275 and it really doesn' t matter to me as the shooter. The bullets only going to drop a few inches extra inches and leave me still well within the kill zone and still well within my effective range of the rifle. Thats my exact point, the margin of error with a 30-30 is next to none. The margin of error with my 7mm mag is pretty broad compared to the old 30-30.