Forlan, welcome to the board and the outdoors
. One of the worst things you can do is have food or garbage accessible to a bear.[:@] This is a bad mistake. Black bears are usually non aggressive and usually avoid people. Sows with cubs are to be respected. I believe the bear was more interested in the food than attacking you though. That 30-06 will do just fine with some 180 grain but even a mortally wounded bear has enough adrenelian to still attack you. Also trying to make a lethal shot on a charging bear with your adrenelian pumped and your heart racing is probaly not going too happen. A shot gun loaded with 00 buck may be better if your not too familiar with guns since all you have to do with a shot gun is point it as opposed to aiming a rifle. Probably the best defense is get some bear spray as this will stop a bear in its tracks and buy you some time.
If you make sure theres no garbage or food around, I doubt that you'll ever have a bear problem. Good luck.
Bobby