I do not undestand all the bickering here. Long range shooting is limited by one factor"The Shooter". The guy pulling the trigger is the limiting factor. I have been practicing with my Sharp's 45-70, and I am shooting effectively out to 400 yards with a 405 grain cast bullet at 1600 fps. I have seen guys that can hit at 800 yards and beyond. I believe my 405 grain cast bullet would humanely kill a deer at 500 yards if "I" was capable of making the shot. Every one is discussing all the limiting factor's. I am sure that a quality built firearm can make the shot. Again the limiting factor is always the "Shooter". Tom.