It's hard to get across what you want to say and get it in the proper words.
I tried to make itas simple as I could when I compared Hevy shot, Extended Range (Win.)Heavy Weight(FEDERAL SHOT)And copper plated lead.I pulled each shell apart and weighed the same numberof #5pellets.All were heavier than the lead but notas much as they claimed to be by the% they listed.
I do know that Hevy-shot is not round and can vary as much as .o15 in a shell.All other loads were within .oo5 on the Outside diameter.Winchester load was the smallest on averageby about .006.Federal and Winchester both were very round but I thought the Win. were slitely rounder truer.
I know I liked the energy I got from my #4 copper plated shells.So I wanted to keep the energy at or above with #5 shot of one of the heavy shot loads.
I would love to talk to anybody that knows the math that could come up with the energy.