The .308 is used as a varmit round because of its inherent accuracy. It has been usedby the military, and is still used by police snipers. It has been, and is still used by shillouette shooters because it is accurate. As a short action caliber, with tolerable recoil, the .308 is a great round. With the right loading, the .308 can retain over 1200 ft-lbs. of energy at 500 yards, with about 50 inches of drop at 500 yards and a 200 yard zero. The only thing to remember, when considering what game can be hunted with this caliber, is that the bigger the game, or more dangerous the game, The distance of the shot should lessen. You need to shorten the shot distance , for the benefits of accuracy and retained energy. You would want to hit hard and make sure you hit where you are aiming.

The .308 has spured off some other rounds based on its case , such as, .243, .260, and 7mm-08. All of these are great rounds when considered
for their intended use, versestheir limitations. One of the greatest things about the .308 round is the wide range of bullet weights available for it, and the number of manufacturers that load it. You can find virtually any loading you want , within reason, suitable for the game you plan to hunt. I love short action calibers, and currently own a .243, a 7mm-08, and a .308. The only thing I want , to finish out my short guns is a short action short magnum. Then it's time to find newguns to want to buy...LOL.

I hope this information finally answered your questions , and I was able to help you get to know this great round.

God Bless