Yip acetone is powerful stuff allright. It will definitely affect your nock. In fact 90% of all polymers will be affected by it. I personally wouldnt bring it anywhere near my bow or accessories. I would use an alcohol based solvent instead, similar to alcohol swabs used in the medical industry.
The other fact you need to know about acetone, depending on the concentration, is that it evaporates very quickly and fumes can transfer flame up to 30 yards in closed areas. Nail polish remover is about 6% proof and is a lot safer to work with but has all sorts of other additives, so I wouldnt suggest this either.
IMO alcohol swabs are the way to go, small, compact, economical, you dont need a cloth and it wont spill