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I looked this first question up for you out of one of my Dad's old books. 1958 National Geographic Book of Dogs.
From what I have gathered from this book the four categories are:
Setters
Pointers
Spaniels
Retrievers

I don't know about your second question. Hope this helps.

if you are talking the basic akc type it is pointers, retrievers, spaniels, and setters. but there are other categories recognized throughout the world. this is probably the most common though.

on the second, winston churchill comes to mind but i am not sure ( i have been wrong before).

sunset was correct about the first question.

i researched the quote and could not find anything on it. i do know that Will Rogers said "If all dogs don't go to heaven, then I want to go whereever they go." i doubt this helps though...

Good one! I love Will Rogers. Wish we had some humorists like him these days.