I am just going from memory here but while both are fine big game cartridges, the 338-06 has a bit better ballistics than the Whelen. The Whelen would hold a little edge in bullet size but the 338-06 would have a bit better sectional density. As a performer on Big game, the 338-06 is drastically underated. Having never really been a factory proposion, it will remain that way. I quess it is chambered in one of the Weatherby rifles. I have LONG wanted to rebarrel the 7600 Remington pump to that caliber. I have not however been able to find anyone to do the job for me. Anyone know of an outfit that would do the job?