Wow! jumping in with both feet huh?!?!?! Deer bear elk and moose?
You will get a LOT of good advice here, however...I strongly suggest you find a reputable dealer to help go over the things like draw length and let off.
Start SHORT....I wouldn't have a "newbie" shooting over 20 yards until he/she could shoot 3" groups or better. USUALLY, you will find an average maximum range of 40 yards for archery kills. Many will not shoot over 20-30 yards. Some double that.
For getting started, you should be able to get a quality bow for $300 or less. Arrow grains are going to be determined by length, spine, fletching, and carbon or aluminum. Even then you can have a large range of wirghts of arrows. generally, you don't want to go less than 5 grains per pound of draw weight (70 Lb draw= 350 grain arrow MINIMUM...some will go as high as 10 grains per pound. You'll hear a lot of debate about which way is best)
For tip size, you'll want to keep your front of center balance between 8% and 18%......but that's not what you need to worry about now.
FIRST find a GOOD dealer.
Next, your draw length
next, find a bow that FITS (in caps for a reason!)
next, find how much you can comfortably draw. Here's a test for draw weight...at least for practicing. Sit on the floor with your legs extended. hold bow vertically (aiming horizontally) see if you can draw the bow without pointing the bow at the roof. remember to try to keep your bow arm level.
after that there are lots of things to look at. Fingers or a release, sights or instinctive, peep or no peep, high let off or low, 1 cam or 2 (or none or more than 2)etc etc etc.
I suggest you start spending a lot of time at the range and learn as much as you can from the guys there. NOT ALL information will be good. Steer away from the guys that say "brand "X" is the BEST" or "this is THE way to do it" What works for one might not work for you.
You'll want to find out which is your dominant eye, how to shoot the bow without "torquing it", what stabilizers do. What "Back tension is" and millions of other things.
Now, don't get me wrong, you COULD just get a recurve, and some cedar arrows and shoot that way. You MIGHT prefer it that way. But if you want to know your options, your gonna have to spend some time learning the different methods of bow hunting.
PERSONALLY, I would suggest that you should start learning NOW, and worry about bowhunting NEXT season...AFTER you get good. It's a bit harder than putting the crosshairs on the target. And you WANT to be good. Not much sucks more than wounding and animal because your a poor shot.
Suck up as much info HERE as you can, but DO see a good dealer and work with him. IF he she IS a good dealer, they will get you the right bow in the right size (SUPER IMPORTANT) and hel;p you learn to shoot it.
Good Luck, and good hunting!
(whew)