RE: feathers or vanes
My hunting arrows have always been white airbrush crested with feathers (not REAL feathers, but the manufactured ones)
A properly tuned bow should shoot an arrow like a dart with little assistance from fletchings. I shoot feathers for several reasons.
Despite using a high-tech compound bow and scent controlling chemicals, I try to be "traditional" in some respects. The feathers look and feel more traditional, and I'm a throwback kinda guy. Secondly, I like to be different. I paint designs on the crestings and match the feathers. They look very distinct.
Feathers, upon the release of the arrow, lay back like a mohawk in a windstorm. They are pinned back and less likely to strike a limb/twig en route to your target. Also, when you release your arrow, the arrow "snaps" from 0-300 f.p.s. in a fraction of a second. That acceleration actually knocks most or all of any moisture trapped in the feathers.
A little puff of moisture will spit out of the feathers when you hit your release. Wetness is not a factor.
A little dry-fly spray will keep moisture out of the cracks and water will bead up on the feather, just like it would on a vane.
From what I've seen, most guys who switch from vanes to feathers on their hunting rigs would never switch back. The proof is in the puddin'.