AS it was explained to me their products are not insulators at all. Insulation slows the loss of body heat, and the Arctic Shield products retain and reflect your body heat backtoward your body. It works much the same way as a space blanket. I've been through the demostration where they put one foot in a boot insulator and then pack both feet in dry ice. Dry Ice being 109 degrees below zero it doesn't take long to remove ghe uninsulated boot from the dry ice. I sat with the insulator on my foot for 20 minutes in the dry ice and could not feel a differance in tempeture. I now own the Camp Gloves, Boot Insulators and Hand Warmer.