RE: What energies are required for clean kills?
Yes,yes kinetic energy, blah blah blah. 2000ft lbs of energy sounds pretty impressive does it not? It sounds like it would hit a a deer like a truck. In reality, the bullet doesn't hit an animal with anymore force than the stock of a rifle hits your shoulder.
There are several cartridges out there that have relatively low kinetic evergies such as the 7x57 and 6.5x55 that perform much better in real life than what the numbers suggest. There have been professional hunters in the past that have taken every type of big and dangerous game many times over with even lesser cartridges than these but of the same caliber.