Only black powder, Pyrodex, or an
equivalent substitute may be used.
Although, if you got caught using smokeless powder, I suppose you could argue that smokeless powder is legal under this definition because smokeless was, and still is, the first and ultimate black powder "substitute." Smokeless powder was being used as a substitute for black powder almost 100 years before Pyrodex was invented. You'd probably still get the ticket, but you'd be fighting the good fight!
Mike