White offered a .410 that shot 400gr bullets. A 40cal 400gr bullet has a fantastic sectional density.
80gr-90gr of Pyrodex was good for over 1300fps with that bullet. Muzzle energy is almost identical to a 45/70 405gr trapdoor load BUT it flies flatter. FPE at 200 yards is still over 1000.
The short lived Varminter rifle with a 300gr bullet produced ballistics slightly better than a 38-55 Winchester.
Step up to a custom build and we are talking about a 40cal 200gr+ bullet at over 2700fps. 416s shooting about as fast as any 416 magnum centerfire with a 375gr bullet.
This load is certainly large enough for any NA game and all but the largest African big game