If you can handle the recoil of a 12 ga., this shot shell will put more pellets in the pattern than an equivalent shot sized 20 ga. However a 20 ga. "turkey" load is adequate provided you know the pattern and put it on the bird!
If you decide to go with the 12 ga. and it will take a 3 1/2" shell and you decide to go there, be prepared for a shoulder stomping jolt. I have killed many a gobbler with 2 3/4" high velocity shot shells, but I like the 3" because the recoil is not so bad and a few pellets flying out there and my shot gun patterns a few of the 3" factory loads plenty adequate to drop a gobbler at 40 yards if I do my part. I have tried 3 1/2' shells. They just hurt my 66 year old bones too much!!
If you decide to use a so called "turkey choke", look at Rhino and Pure Gold. These are the two that I am most familiar with. I use the Prue Gold .670 on my 12 Ga. Nova. Excellent patterns but so tight hat if the bird is close (10-15 yards) there is not much room for an error in my aim.
Back to Topgun 3006's comments .... ditto. For sure, you should check the pattern before you head to the turkey woods. You might get lucky and the shot shell patterns great. Or you could be so far off that you end up missing the bird or worse wounding it.
Good luck.