From what I can surmise from the post and pics that your ball hit the opposite leg below the shoulder blade which would explain the bone fragments and being able to locate the ball. Prior to that the ball did not expand much thereby not giving you a good blood trail or much internal damage.
I suspect that you probably put that ball through at least one lung because even though there is no bubbles in the blood the blood is bright red. I also believe that the deer is dead somewhere. A deer can travel a long way with one lung out but will expire eventually. Your search should encompass several hundred yards. But depending on your coyote population there, it is possible that all you'll find are bones and hair.