im like big uncle, i use larger shot in express loads so, like number 4's. They move faster so you normally get pass throughs, and give you a little more range as well. I normally hunt with a 20gauge if i go shotgun but 12 is fine. If you have a fairly close shot try not aiming dead on, aim a little to one side or the other of the animal and that way they dont get a full blast of shot.