No, you can't. Long guns can only be hand-carry purchased by residents of any state, or their contiguous bordering states. I.e. for KS, only Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska, Oklahoma, and Missouri residents can legally hand-carry purchase firearms.

If you so choose, you can pay for the weapon, and have it transferred from the local KS shop to a local shop in Indiana, where you will fill out the 4473.

Ultimately, no, you cannot walk into a store in KS, as a legal Indiana resident, and purchase a long gun.