Here in the Islands they have another pretty effective way to kill deer. There are some large islands in Champlain that have both deer and turkey. In the winter there aren't any people there and the coyotes move in. When the ice is bare without snow cover the coyotes go on the islands and chase the deer off. When the deer hit the bare ice they can't get the speed and traction that the coyotes can and they often split and fall. When ice fishing around the Island I often come on a carcass when riding my 4 wheeler. They are usually within 100 yds of shore so it must happen pretty quickly. Some of the locals hunt them in winter. They spread out along the shore and send dogs on to the island. The coyotes bail out and are easy picking.