all 3 would do the job, but depending on the situation one should come to the front of the class rather quicky...

12ga in IL, as aforementioned, no rifles in IL, least not for deer hunting

.30-06 for something flatter shooting long range, ie out west probably 200yds plus...

.30-30 can hit 300yds nowadays, but I think out to 150/200yds maybe I'd break it out, I think if it were less than 150 I'd use the .30-30 but if you might take a longer shot, the 06