RE: 30-06 vs 308
Someone else mentioned it, and I'd have to agree. With a .338 Federal, you can hunt anything that lives in North America and have a solid 300-yard range. All this with recoil equivalent to the .30-'06 and trajectory equivalent to the .308 Win. In terms of knockdown power, it beats both of them.
I just bought a rifle in .338 Federal. I doubt I'd ever need anything else, except for pronghorn or mule deer on the open prairie, where I'm going to want my .270 Win. However, I'm sure I could just work my way to within 350 yards and handle those shots with the .338 Federal, too.