Luckily...well not so much lucky because I would love to have enough turkeys around here to give me problems they were not my biggest problem...just birds in general...at first I broadcasted and then raked over it but that didn't do any good half the seed was gone in a couple of days, so I went back and dug rows and replanted the corn, sunflowers, I still lost plenty of seedlings but got a good number to survive..