RE: max effective range of .223
I like #40's answer. For me 400 gives a good trajectory when sighted in at 200. No fancy scopes just an old fashioned hold over that's easy to remember. In high power they are using the 223 with 80 gr and doing well at 1000 yards. No doubt a coyote would fall to that setup. But for me 400 yards is about right, I prefer getting them closer as well.
Blessings