To add a close real-world example, I spent years hunting with a sidelock and the old 240gr HTP (predecessor to the XTP) over 80gr pyrodex. I killed dozens of deer with that load, most 30-100 yards but a few longer out to 200 yards. I never had a bullet not pass-thru on a broadside shot. Power was more than adequate.

These numbers are sometimes deceiving and hard to make firm cut-offs. 1000 ft-lbs with a bullet that hardly expands means something different than one that over-expands -- the energy transfer and resulting penetration are both affected.

While I like to deliver sufficient theoretical energy on target, I've yet to shoot anything out of a ML that made me think I was under-gunned for deer and I've tried as little as 70gr of powder at shorter ranges.