RE: Tight Budget Deer Rifle
Honestly, why not use one of the moisan-nagants that your are so fond of?
Sporterizing one is very simple and cheap. Soft point ammo can be had in 7.62x54R for the same price as .30-06 Springfield. There are two different scope configurations you can choose from (scout mount at rear windage ramp or drill and tap reciever and install Weaver base) and it's plenty gun to hunt any north american game.
I bet you could do all that for under $100. But, you could get lucky like me and find a weathered Savage 110 in 30-06 at a gun show for $200. Best deer rifle I've ever owned. Good luck in the woods today!