Not sure what to say about the guy not following the agreed upon rules. I can see how that would be frowned upon.
As for the bad hit, a person has to be aware of what they are going to do in the case of a bad hit(calling off work etc)
Even if rain was in the forecast, you guys should have backed out. You weren't going to find the deer dead at that point so trailing pushed it further. Your best hope was to back out, wait and do a grid search. All you did was push the deer out and ruin any likely chance of recovery(not that your buddy seemed like he was going to look anyways)