RE: Are .410 slugs enough for deer?
If you have a .410 that is designed for slugs, I would say that it would be more than adequate. The problem is that you don't have such a gun.
I imagine a rifled barreled .410 could be a tack driver at 100 yards using a scope. It still would not be legal here in Iowa but a .410 pistol would be OK. Go figure.
I agree with everyone who has said that 40 yards is about the max that you can expect for range with a .410 and 3" slugs when shot out of a full choke gun with a bead on the barrel. I have two single shot .410's and I would not use either on deer.
I'm a fan of the 12 gauge because of the variety of loads that are available. You can go with light loads for kids and still have plenty of power. I also think that you should have rifle sights or a scope. A smooth bore is OK though to around 100 yards.
Bob