RE: Flemish Twist
It will take some tinkering--even if you start in the same place I do, everyone is a little different and you will probably not get the same results.
Loop size depends on what you like, how you want it to fit, sizeof the tips/limbs,etc. I like a smaller bottom loop because it stays on better when stringing the bow. I like a larger top loop because I can slide the string down the limb when unstringing.
When I start the second loop, I measure every time, from the finished end--that's the most consistent for me. It varies depending on the material I'm using--for instance, with a dacron string I'll go the length I want plus 3/4"; for Dynaflight about 1/8" shy of the finished length, for 8125 about 1/4" longer than the finished length, etc. 'Course it may be a good bit different for you. I also pre-stretch my strings under a lot of tension--250-300# or so, which makes them longer than if I didn't pre-stretch.
Take some measurements, take some notes, and practice. It really is pretty simple once you get the hang of it.
Chad