I look at it 2 ways. Visually through experience. I shot fixed blades for 20 years and Snyper expandables for 5 and Rage 2 blade the last 2 years and the largest holes and the most damageby farhave been from the Rage and then the Snyper and then fixed.

The other way I look at it is by the numbers.

Cutting diameter and cutting surfaceare 2 different things.

Cutting diameter is the size of the wound created by the BH.
Cutting surface is the amount of damage within the cutting diameter.

Rage 2-blade:

Cutting diameter = 2"
Cutting surface= 2 5/16" including tip blade

This means you are causing 2 5/16" cutting damage within a 2" area. This means a very large hole and massive damage.

Any 4-blade 1" fixed

Cutting diameter = 1"
Cutting surface = 2"

This means you are causing 2" of cutting damage within a 1" area. As you can see all the damage is being done in a fairly small area with a fairly small hole.

Obviously if the arrow hits its mark it doesn't matter which heads you are using but it does matter if you are slightly off the mark.