After each shot I get one patch and wet it with spit. With your cleaning jag on your ramrod, run this down the barrel quite a few times. I then take the same patch and turn it over on the jag exposing the clean side. I will swab the barrel with this just like before. Remove this patch and discard it, put a DRY patch on the jag and run it down the barrel a few times then also turn it over and run it down a few more times. This will pretty much get you back to square one. I don't know why people skip this step but it seems to be a pretty common occurence. Also be sure to read frontier ganders thread on powerbelts. I've never used them and likely won't but if you are going to use them, follow his advice and likely your friend will have success if he does his part. Good luck, Greg