RE: powder charges..
I have a old CVA sidehammer with a 1:66 twist that will about throw an overcharged load behind you. It only wants about 80 grains of FF max. I have taken a couple of does with it but I was real picky about the shots,fifty yards or less and one was a head shot. I hunted for several years with a sidehammer Traditions dearhunter in .54. Now that is a gun that wants a load in it. It shoots roundball just fine at about 90 grains but wont straighten out a conical unless the ante is upped about 20 more. I have used both Great PLains and TC conicals to devastating effect. It's a 1:48 twist. My sweetheart though is my .58 zouave. It has taken a couple of nice bucks and several does with little fuss and muss. My hunting load is pretty simple, 90 grains of ff goex and a patched round ball. It is deadly accurate and impressive terminally.That being said Istill wont shoot at anything much over 75 to 100 yards away.It doesnt like minnies much no matter what amount of powder you stuff down it. Most of my neighbors around here use inline, pellet guns and overdo the pellets. They shoot them about three times a year and declare themselves 200 yard "blackpowder" hunters. Mostly I think they are just overloading their guns no matter what the twist is and I also think that most of them have no business shooting at anything like that range. My twenty three year old neighbor came over to my range with his Omega and set about the business of bragging. When he saw what a target looked like at an honest 200 yards he shut up quickly. But, to be honest, after some tinkering it was putting them into some respectable groups at that distance. His rifle sure didnt like an overload though, and off the bench the recoil was brutal. As I recall we were only putting 100 grains to it for best results.