Just like the elbows that fit on the end of the pipe, like a large pvc pipe, found at every hardware store out there. and the corn doesn't get thrown out all over place for animals to deficate in and contaminate. And no they don't have to bump it the corn just falls out as they eat it. And it can't get moldy because you keep a lid on the top end (we used an old coffee can turned upside down.)and the deer usually eat it all in a day or 2 anyways. We have used these things a ton of times on our property. and if they get stolen what are you out $10 or $15?