RE: vane distance from nock
If you shoot traditional you need to leave room for your fingers. Myself, I anchor relatively high, and don't like fletching hitting my face or mouth, so I keep them far enough down the shaft to avoid that. I know guys who like to anchor with a fletch in the corner of their mouth (poor anchor in my opinion) and they tend to attach them near the nock. You should place them as close to the nock as you can, where they don't interfer with your shooting technique.