ORIGINAL: cma3366a
Is the magazine flush with the stock? If it's not its likely a 1891, if it is, it's likely a 1909, but it's had to say without pictures. It's original chambering was most likely 7.65Argentine.
The original chambering was 7.65X53mm (sometimes called the 7.65X54mm, but there weren't two different cases, contrary to rumor) the same cartridge as used byBelgian rifles of this era. Basically, this is almost a duplicate, case capacity-wise, of the 7.62X51mm NATO (.308 Winchester). It can be loaded to duplicate the .308 ballistically.(In the M1909 rifles).
As long as surplus ammo and reloading brass is avaliable, it makes no sense at all to rechamber one to .30/'06. Since it uses a slightly larger bullet diameter (.311" to .314"), often the 7.65mm barrels will not shoot .308" bullets too well, BUT MINE DOES!