I don't think you took a bad shot. I have taken many deer at that angle and with proper placement, a bullet will take out the front shoulder, and cruise right on through the lungs and possibly heart as well. The problem is you took a good shot with a poor bullet. You didn't say, but I suspect you were shooting a big, heavy grain, hollow point bullet out of your muzzleloader. If you did, it's likely the bullet expanded too much on the shoulder and didn't penetrate the vitals. However, you're other mistake was assuming you missed. Always check the area the deer was standing. It's very easy for you to miss some small reaction with the recoil, and smoke of the muzzlelaoder. Always check. By the way, if you found hair and bone, you still hurt the deer. If you haven't spooked her completely out by moving to a new stand, give her a few hours and go try and find her. There's a good chance, if left undisturbed, she bedded down somewhere nearby. If you can follow the blood/hair/bone trail, you might catch up to her. She will likely have a hard time getting up once she lays down, and even if she's still alive when you get there, if you're alert, you might be able to finish her. Get backout there and keep trying! Good luck!

GH