No, it doesn't. Barrel length is not in any way related to twist rate. But length IS related tobore volume for the gas to expand intobefore exiting to the atmosphere.

The .270 benefits from a 24" tube vs a 22", in that the majority of the powder charge in that bbllengthis used pushing the bullet instead of providing you with an impressive muzzle flash! However, I once owned two 270 carbines with 20" barrels, which lost a good 75 FPS vs a 22" barrel, giving me no more than 2800 FPS with 150-grain bullets. Muzzle blast was "noticeable', but they still were quite accurate and killed things very effectively too.