I guess I look at it this way without making the comparisons like that. I do enjoy reading the research and investigation done by others, so thanks mobowhntr. But what I started to say was, I have killed every turkey I shot with a 3" shell and some probably between 35-40, you know the excitement, and they all dropped. And I am sure the 3" kick less, so IMHO, why use 3 1/2" shells? Again MHO. Now maybe if I head for the waterways, 3 1/2" would be the one for me, but for turkeys, 3" Federal Flite Control #5s will do just fine for me! [8D]