RE: Type of bullet?
There is no way of destinguishing the different bullets just by looking at a loaded case, with few exception.
Here is a list of the major ammo manufacturers and what their head stamps are.
Federal = - F C - for Federal Cartridge or -F C H E - for Federal Cartridge high energy.
Remington = R P for Remington Peters
Winchester = Winchester
Hornady = Hornady or Frontier
Weatherby = Weatherby