I've taken deer out to 90+ yards with a Renegade in a .54cal and roundball. It's not something you should do unless you've practiced at that yardage andare very confident. But that's close to being the max. I would comfortably shoot in hunting conditions. Shooting powder,patch,ball is a very rewarding feeling and I enjoy it alot. There cheap to shoot and it gives the feeling of what muzzleloading is all about. I've also shot maxiballs with good success.