ORIGINAL: North Texan
Nearly any bolt action or single action rifle will work, as they are the easiest to clean. Synthetic stocks are typically the most durable, followed by laminates. Wood stocks are more susceptible to moisture and temperature changes.
Good routine maintenance will keep the metal in good shape. If you are out in harsh weather, make sure to clean and oil all metal surfaces when you get back home. This goes for both blued and stainless rifles.
ditto. I would like to offer to that Tikka and Sako make great all-weather varmint and hunting setups with a hard to break polymer stock and stainless heavy barrels. Here is a pick of one of my Tikka's, the T3 varminter in .308 all weather with heavy stainless barrel.