RE: Good long-range deer calibers.
Get the -06. You can buy commercially loaded ammo for the -06 that will match the 7mm mag in preformance. How much of a light weight are we talking here? Also how much punishment are you willing to take from a light weight rifle in the recoil department? I would think any of the good commercially avaible bolts (700, m70, savage,ect,) would fit the bill here for a first hunting rifle in their plain vanila configuration (either SS or blued.)