Bullet size....
shot placement....
Two often debated topics!
To answer the question, "can it be done with a 25-06@100-150 yards?"
Yes, it can easily be done with the 25-06!
While I don't like small calibers for deer, it CAN be done with any of .22's also!
So, it really goes to the second topic, "shot placement!
The three surest shots for dropping a deer in its tracks are: head, spine, and double shoulder shots.
Head, or spine shots CAN be done with most any caliber, while the shoulder shots work better with larger, and/or faster bullets.
Personally, I don't care for ANY of these three shots! Head, or spine shots requirePERFECT hits, and the shoulder shots are not 100% "drop shots," and RUIN way too much meat for my liking!
Give me a double lung shot, and a blood trail,withANY good hunting bullet in .243 on up, and I'll give you 99.9% of your deer's meat in the freezer!
Sometimes, a double lunger will even drop on the spot!
Mostly they'll run, 0-100 yards, or so, even with a "cannon!"
But, almostZERO meat damage, AND bigger target,WITH easier tracking, are much more appealing to me, than "MAYBE" dropping them on the spot, with a higher % of wounded/lost animals!