RE: .30 M1 carbine for deer
Deer are poached with .22 rimfire rifles. That doesn't make the .22 LR a deer cartridge. The same can be said for the .30 Carbine. Its ballistics are inferior to the .357 Magnum, and that round is condemned for use on deer.
For the humane harvesting of game, use a cartridge up to the task. Any knowledgeable sportsman would give the same advice.