Personally I am a carbon arrow guy. A bunch of reasons but toughness being the main one.

There are some good carbon arrows out there that will get you to at least 550 grains and depending on what you add to the arrow very close to 600 grains.

I really love the Carbon express Terminator select series of shafts. They are a super tough shaft that weigh in exscess of 10 grains per inch for the black shafts and the camo version weighs in at 12 grains per inch and I find these numbers to be on the conservative side.

With the camo terminators at 28 inches you got 336 grains add 30 for the nock and insert and you are up to 366 grains. Another 35 for 4 inch vanes and you got 401 grains. Add the broadhead of your choice and you are at least 525 grains and over 550 grains with a 150 - 170 grain head.

You could also go with 5 inch vanes for more weight or add an inch of shaft for another 12 grains. Add a vinyl cresting for another few grains (plus the added benefit of easy refletching). Use unibushings for an extra few grains plus the added benefit of better nock alignment. Heck you can even add the weight tubes inside the arrow for either 2 or 3 grains per inch increase in weight.

So all total you could end up with a carbon arrow that would potentially weigh in at a whopping 675+- grains if you wanted.