So acetone does not affect the glue that holds the carbon together? (honest question, I don't know) That and the smell of the dried paint would concern me. The smell will eventually diminish but it does take some time.
Acetone only works when it is wet. Once it evaporates it is done. At least that has been my experience with it. As far as the paint smell, I would imagine it would take a while but not too long. Maybe a couple days or so depending on humidity. Again, this is just experience from the past. I can't smell like a deer can.
I might give this a try on a half dozen arrows and see how it works.