RE: Penetration differences
To keep this only about winning the bet the following will apply.........
All other things being equal except the following variables...
A heavier arrow will penetrate better than a light arrow but there is a point of dimisshed returns when you can get too heavy.
A faster arrow will penetrate better than a slower arrow of the same weight.
A skinnier arrow will penetrate better than a fat arrow of the same weight.
A stiff arrow will penetrate better than a more flexible arrow of the same weight.
A shorter arrow will penetrate farther than a longer arrow of the same weight.