Good info, I never knew that a 45-70 could produce those numbers. The ballistics reference guide that I use is from Gun Digest and it list the 45-70 with 405 grain as having a velocity of only 1330fps at the muzzle. The ft pounds is also fairly light as it is listed at 1590 at the muzzle. If you compare the 45-70 using those numbers with that of say a .416 weatherby shooting a 400 grain bullet there is a big difference. My chart lists the .416 as having 2700fps at the muzzle with a massive 6474 pounds of energy.